CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION

Introduction

• Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) is a system where the circuit in which the video is transmitted is closed and all the elements (camera, display monitors, recording devices) are directly connected).
• CCTV comprises of Camera, Wires, Monitoring screen, Recorder and combination of which is called CCTV.

Applications of CCTV

• Maintaining perimeter security in medium- to high-secure areas and installations.
• Observing behavior of incarcerated inmates and potentially dangerous patients in medical facilities.

• Traffic monitoring.
• Overseeing locations that would be hazardous to a human, for example, highly radioactive or toxic industrial environments.
• Building and grounds security.
• Recording the inside of a baking oven to find the cause of problems.
• A temporary system to carry out a traffic survey in a town centre.
• Used by the stage manager of a show to see obscured parts of a set.
• The well-publicised use at football stadiums.
• Hidden in buses to control vandalism.
• Aerial photography from a hot air balloon.
• Production control in a factory.

Types of CCTV Camera’s Selection

• Indoor Camera
• Outdoor Camera
• Infrared Days/ Night Camera
• Dome Camera
• Bullet Camera
• Hidden Camera
• Pan tilt zoom Camera
• Motion Detection
• Wireless

The simplest system is a camera connected directly to a monitor by a coaxial cable with the power for the camera being provided from the monitor. This is known as a line powered camera. Diagram 3 shows such a system

With this arrangement the pictures shown during play back will be according to the way in which the switcher was set up when recording. That is, if it was set to sequence then the same views will be displayed on the monitor. There is no control over what can be displayed.

Indoor Camera

Indoor Camera as its name suggests used for indoor security mechanism. These are suitable for security in Homes, School, Offices, Hotels, Banks etc.

Outdoor Camera

Outdoor camera is used for outdoor places. They are mostly for entry and exit pints with limited night lighting. These cameras have hard shell vandal proof casings.

Night Vision Cameras

• Night Vision cameras are used for high alert areas where surveillance needs to happen day and night. These cameras are used in military personals, in parking lots and high security zone or where the cctv is required and the light at night is unavailable.

Dome Camera

• Dome cameras are installed inside a dark dome in a way that they go unnoticed by visitors. These cameras can be rotated and tilted manually. Dome cameras are used in public places like railway stations, bus terminals, and other areas where there is a huge gathering of people.
• When viewing distance where a long lens is required which would not fit inside a Dome camera.

Bullet Camera

• Bullet camera are placed inside bullet shaped housing and they are used in residential places. They are small in size, have and integrated design and water proof also.
• It is mounted to a wall or any vertical area.
• It comes with WDR and Day night technology.
• When viewing distance where a long lens is required which would not fit inside a bullet camera.

Vandal Proof Camera

• Vandal proof camera are used as outdoor security cameras. These cameras are sheltered within solid material and covered by a ‘hub’ of break- proof glass which doesn’t affect the quality of the video. It is difficult to break these cameras and this makes them perfect for high security.

Pan Tilt Zoom Camera

• Pan tilt zoom camera offers the ability to view and zoom in all directions. We can even set the camera to automatically rotate to different fields of vision.
• Best suited for patrol duty and open area application- Border, Airport, Parking lot etc.
• When tour of the premises is required.
• When several angle is required to be viewed from a single camera.
• The cost of this camera is 5-10 times more than the normal camera.